Electric battery



` R. c. BENNER ET AL Jan. 15 9 1924.

ELECTRI C BATTERY Filed Feb. 5, 1920 (QwTGf/M 'ileitenten tieni,

ELE'ERI 3 10 ,in dry cells o the deferred auction type,

which require some eperetiori to formed to place the ceii. in :actionE In dry cells it is usuel te use geletinous substances such as cereal paste in the een-v etruction 'to establish intimate contact with title zinc und to separate the iettei from the siepoiarizing miie, Generally Speaking, en efficient ceii of the type under consideration,

' in order to give goed service when rendered active, should embody elements ccrres1-onding to those of the ordinary type oi dry cell.. Our invention relates particularly 'te e, cleerred action cell containing material ezine bie of becoming leizitinous or forming e peste which is uti manner and novel condition, es hereafter set forth. v

The principali object of the invention is tc utilize materials of the kiutl mentioned, with dry cell electrodes in deferred action cells, in such form that the uniss is in such it 'stele of aggregation as to be rentiiiy permeable. and adapted to be Iuoistenetl in order to activate the cell. To readily eeeen'iplisii this l'esuit it is aise desirabie that tbe iiquiti pass through tlie uniss before substzintiiii gelatinizaticn occurs'.

tiier objects wiil be referred to in tbe following description oiQ a cell chosen to ilustrate the invention.

The single iigure of the drawing is n cross sectional View of a simple. deferred action type of ceil embodying tbe imprevements.

In the construction shown by Way of exampie, We utilize e dry granuier pasti forming mutcrini, or dry substance capable of becoming gglatinous, refeired to in the. drawing by re'terenee character iiic nur terisil may be utilized in varieus ways, but breferebiy is located in tbe neil. etijiecent tice cpoiarizing mi); euri. zinc eiectrotie when the cell is in an irntctit'c eentiitiou. Tite material, in accordance witii tiie iurentieu, may consist ei tiny it number et geuitm ized .in zin ettvnntageous' 5, itt/2i). Sei-iai 313e. u

A Ling substances such es com 'grits or weise cern nieei, mpio-1% e 'round cereals, dry grenniated tu? cooked our paste, broken macaroni, zigaregnr, e c., The preferred substances, been ever, are the pastel-forming cereale, such es U grouutif. cercai mentioned. linetiier ti' able material is (try, granuleteti, uncooked paste made freni u dough et wlieet izebie er mete-:ier

iour and u sinali amount ci water, relied, i dried. and ijuzverizeti.,

l' e c I A Jin-un iortent etuirzreterietie or substencee Witnin the Scope et the invention is that the mass is insucii slitte cif-ziggregation as to be i'ezuliiy lnerueu to liquids such es water or water containing eiectroiyte. it is, therefore, desirable in' seine iustzuicesto seperate the line material fron; the course grains, es too lnueii tine nuiterizil interferes with the permeability of the mass.

,The puri icies comprising the mass are niet) absorbent und wili geietinize, but :in ziggrc-- gute wiii preferably be Selected which is se rcudiiy peiuietibie that the entire muss is. permeated by the liquid before substantiel geletinization occurs, ns the letter Wouiti impede. tile passage of tbe iiquid. Gelatinizu'tion causes the particles comprising the 'muse' to expuntl to produce intimate and uniform contactwitii tile Zinc electrode nini depoinriziug mix. This is advantageous for various reasons to uli or" which ie not neeessury io refer soeeilicuiiy for an under-- stnmtiug'ol' the invent ion. 'By way of iilustrillion we muy mention that the mix is securely belli in position und the internzii resistance is decreased.

it is also desirnbie to naif; er combine the gclnlinizubie substances with electrolyte stilts, in which euse we pre i'er to use tiiehioniiygroseo'iie zinc ammonium chioritie eiectrolyl'e Suit described in llic upplicnl'iun of il C. Reed, Ser. No. 295,981@ tiled Muy i), 1919. in niuuy instances it is uisodesirnble to :idd a preservative to the material., nier euric chloride being well suited fer this purpose as the mercury useful for zunul gzuunting the .zine when tiux ceil is in fiction.

in tbe ciliinis und throughout the specilifution the terni ,..iii'fiubie l is in e breed eensevv to inciutie giuste-forming nieei'iuis Sucia. tlic enve-ills, und iufiterinis einen uct eiiuiiur 'te tgt if tine, agar-sigur, etc.

iln the erin ceii fuesen ier iilustietie We titilize ce fier eiectrotie ir ing; a olry molclecl mix looiobiii 3 therein o prising carbon and manganese dioxide, i u or Without electrolyte salts., which is s iooeefl from the sides and bottom.

A longitudinally perforated carbon elec trede l located in the mix is open at both ends, and provied with a plurality of trans verse peiliorotious 5 in the portion sur- 'founded by the mix. The lutter is surrounded by the permeable, geletinizeble inaterial previously riescribed, Wuieli lls the space between can omi the liolobiu and muy extend. over the top of tlie mix. The hollow carbon electrode projects through Seal ti und nou-conducting disl: T fitted in the upper end above the mix, A. cork 8 or other closing megane iroyifled for the opening io. the projecting; emol of 'the electrode. in some insta-moes o veut 9 having e :stopper l() ie arranged iu the soul to facilitate the To out oeil iii action, liquid is eolileii througk the opeuiog iu iie upper end of the hollow carbon electrode to fill the hollow electrode. und the @pme containing tlie gelatiuizoble Substance arid electrolyte. The sto per 10 will loe tempororily removed to facilitate the escape of the au' which 1S disploed by the liquid. The activating liquidi which is cured into the electrode first pues es throng i tile parviens material at the bot tom :md then posses into porlneelile muso at the sides. liquid is permitted to pose into the muss from the top, oir is likely to l lie trapped iloerein and prevent. uniform distribution. of the liquidu The composition und quantity of the liquid added will lie dependent upon; t-lie character of the mix emol pervious materiel. The liqucl penne sites the perious material in :i sliort time and the cell is for immediate action, oleliougli the mass is not. immediately gelainizecl. The mix itself also is not moistened tliorou'lily until tile liquid in the hollowv eleetrooe lies had ime to permeate therethrough. After Hlliug the cell., the open end of the electrode ami vent 9 ure again oloeecl Without Waiting for the mix to become moisteuefl or the permeable maas to become gelatiiious.

The activating rliquid added causes the posteorming material 'to swell but the swelling action clue to the gelatinizetion, does not ooour quickly enough to prevent .li uid from permeating the granular mass. iter the swelling; has occurred, however, it has been found that the bobbin is held so tightly in the can that it can be Witliravin only by application of considerable for e, eveu when the retaining seal. 6 is removal. When o granular mess contaiw eieotrolyte. is used., the latter accelerates the swelling anti gelatinizetion of the per meable material.

lu 'the ordinery deferred notion cells hou s; zine container, si, lining; of liiluiious eriel, e coating of dried paste ilierelie een, a mix, and a hollow ourlion electrode for adding electrolyte thereto, it is necessary to wait until the liquid poured in the liolio'w electrode souks through the mix, lining Emol flour, and reaches the Zine, before the cell is ready for action. This usually requires several lioure und repeated filling. With 'o cell utilizing paste-forming materiale oli Such form that the mass rezidiiy perme ulile, it unnecessary to Wait for the liquid to souk into the mix the cell is eoive es soon as the i'naterial surrounding the ruiz; is uioisteued. The requisite moiotenizilg of iflie mix iiiselt' will occur while the oeil if?. in Service it will be imelerotoot` it, olie :ippliootiori of u readily peririeulile gelotiuimbirmoes to deferred fiction dry @elle le not ne@ uiily limited to :my port/hul otruoturol iieteils, ol""o1iggli tile Celi il: ily

y of exemple e Satisfactory errar for utilizing im Having described our 'linfomi'.iori, what Wo f olaiiri is l. lu o dry cell haring u depolorizer und en mode spaced tlerefrom, readily per meuble mass between :said f lepoiurizer omi onecle, euri eomprieiog; particles or" gelatinisialile iueteisil.

A dry cell iu uecoifiuuee with claim l' iu which the mees subetaiitielly dry.

dry Celi in eooordaiice Wili, claim l iu which the me@ coiriirieee ciry granulei.' eereals.

e. A :airy eeii accorde-nce with eiiiiru l, in which the roues comprises eleorolyie salts.

5. it dry oeil in uoeorduiioe with claim l, in which r" Y comprisee o eulisiem tfiiilly dri' .uo'n-liygroscopie electrolyte 6. is of lle type descriliecl,`u dopom lurizing mix, :i negative electrode and feudi-- ly permeable muss eomjorisizig iziztieles orf geletinizribie mureriul. intermediate the misi und negative electrode.

lu cells of the typecleecribeil, u. depolarizing mix, u zine container electrode amil ze. reeriiiy permeable mass eomorisiug purtiolef of. geletinizulile material iiitermeciiute to tlie zinc electrode emi 'epolerizziug .mimi said cell having mi opening for applying ou activating material to the Aermeuble moes,

8'. In Cells of the type escribe-ci, u, zinc container electrode, :i longitudinally perforM ated carbon electrode having transverse pas sages, a. mix surrounding the carbon elecw trode and covering each of the transverse passages, and e readily permeable muse com prising particles of geletinizuble materiel; intermediate the mix' and negative electrode,

9, lo olry cells of the type deseriliefl, u depolaiiziing mila, o container eleetroffe,

:mal o reeriily permeeiaie muss comprising 

